It's not always possible to keep non-milking cows on the farm due to space and care requirements. In some cases, euthanasia is necessary in line with strict welfare standards.

The size of a farm dictates the number of animals it can accommodate while still providing enough space, feed and care. Every year, new calves are born which will grow up to become future milking cows. For this reason, it's not possible to keep all cows on the farm once they come to the end of their productive life, as it would lead to the farm becoming overstocked which could actually compromise animal welfare.

Instead, these cows usually go into the beef supply chain, providing an important protein source to feed our growing population. Occasionally, some cows may become unwell. These cows are usually treated but when treatment isn't successful, or the animal is experiencing an unacceptable level of suffering, euthanasia is required. The Australian dairy sector's euthanasia policies are developed in line with the law and to ensure best care for all animals.